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Levine’s Four Conservation Principles in the Bio-Behavioral Pain Management

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Myra Estrin Levine’s “The Four Conservation Principles of Nursing”. The four major assertions of this model state that nursing intervention is based on the conservation of energy, structural integrity, personal integrity and social integrity (Tomey & Alligood, 2002). Conservation of energy focused on physical, psychological/emotional and spiritual energy. Structural energy refers to the preservation of

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